In 2006, the U.S. Census Bureau partnered with the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe to conduct a test of census methods on their reservation. Objectives for the test were the following:

• To implement a Tribal Liaison Program on American Indian reservations.
• To develop, implement, and assess the consultation process with the tribe and/or Tribal leaders.
• To implement methods to improve within household coverage on American Indian reservations.

The U.S. Census Bureau produced this video about the Cheyenne River Census Test, student art competition. The report has a more detailed account of the Cheyenne River Census Test.